From Graft to Governance: Evaluating the EFCC’s Role in Nigeria’s Anti-Corruption Crusade

Abstract

Political corruption has been an enduring challenge within Nigeria's democratic administrations since 1999, eroding effective governance and undermining accountability. In a bold response, Nigeria has taken decisive action. The establishment of the Independent Corrupt Practices and Other Related Offences Commission (ICPC) and the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) stands as a testament to the country's unwavering commitment to combatting this pervasive issue. This study, however, critically examines the EFCC's efficiency and role in combating political corruption and promoting good governance in Nigeria amid the surge in corruption. The research focused on two objectives: assessing the EFCC's anticorruption activities, roles, and encountered obstacles, and examining its influence on Nigerian governance. A qualitative approach was employed, analyzing secondary data from government documents and reports to evaluate the EFCC's performance in deterring corruption, promoting transparency, accountability, and institutional reforms. In addition, the study was guided by an Institutional theoretical framework. The study concludes that the EFCC's efforts in combating corruption and promoting good governance have been hampered by several factors which include inadequate implementation of anti-graft policies, institutional capacity constraints, undue political interference, and the persistence of corruption networks. To address these challenges, continuous efforts are recommended to strengthen anti-corruption measures. Measures such as bolstering the EFCC's operational capabilities through increased funding to withstand political interference and fostering international cooperation are recommended. A precise interpretation of the EFCC's role should be adequately specified for the agency to act within its legal framework.